Discussion and Notes DVM Essay - 785 Words

DVM1100 sections A B Canada and Challenges of International Development and Globalization Fall 2014, Professor Mahmoud Masaeli The first DGD International Development: ideas, conceptions, definitions, and theories General Issues covered in our classes: 1. Canada as an example of globalization and development a. Have we resolved all problems? Argue No because we still have poverty, inequality, racism, unemployment etc. b. If we have been able to develop ourselves, whether the others can do as well. Rostow says yes if you follow his ideas of the traditional society, the preconditions for take-off, the take-off, the drive to maturity and the age of mass-consumption - Political, social and economic development all play a†¦show more content†¦Development: from national to international a. Causes and reasons for the shift from national to international. Humanitarian considerations, ethics of help, Cold War - fear of communism b. Truman proposal: what is it all about? Helping others solely economically c. Theory of economic growth: who present it? What are the main assumptions, strength, and weaknesses? Walt Rostow - main cause is that developing countries have a traditional society Strengths: Importance of endogenous factors Importance of entrepreneurial spirit Accumulation of capital Science and technology Weaknesses: Disregards the political and cultural differences Negligence of endogenous factors Disregards the structure of international system One size for all Modern/tradition dichotomy End goal is high consumerism d. Dependency theory, its versions and the main assumptions We screwed everyone over through colonies and harvesting resources and selling them as our own and the only reason that we are so developed is because we through other countries under the bus e. Neo-liberalism’s main assumptions, Washington Consensus Set of concrete economic policies for the reform in the economy included: Reducing the role of the state Competition in the market is beneficial Deregulation of markets Consequential welfareism andShow MoreRelated3m - Innovation at 3m Corporation10174 Words   |  41 Pagesincrementalist approach that for so long had pervaded 3M. After all, as Mary Sonnack, division scientist and an internal 3M consultant on the new Lead User methodology, noted â€Å"3M gets so much revenue from incremental products . . . like a blue Post-it note instead of just a yellow one.† Outside the window, the late autumn breeze rippled through the tall Minnesota grass—a seasonal reminder that it had been a year since the group first embarked on the Lead User process (see Exhibit 1). The method, includingRead MoreMcdonald Supply Chain10921 Words   |  44 Pages________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Professor Ray A. Goldberg and Jessica Droste Yagan (KSG 2007) prepared this case. HBS cases are developed solely as the basis for class discussion. Cases are not intended to serve as endorsements, sources of primary data, or illustrations of effective or ineffective management. Copyright  © 2007 President and Fellows of Harvard College. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials

Emily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death ``

Emily Dickinson Emily Dickinson’s poems are shorter than most, but that does not mean that they lack depth or skill. Dickinson uses many brilliant literary techniques in her poetry such as allusions, personification, juxtaposition, metaphors and so many others. Her unique use of symbolism throughout her poems really makes the reader think twice on what they are reading. And since the majority of her poems are short, it makes it easier to reread the poem numerous times. In Emily Dickinson’s Poem, â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop For Death†, Dickinson uses a personified version of death to lead the speaker of the poem through a journey to the end of her life, that involves the contrasting concepts of time and eternity. The personification of death makes the poem more relatable to the reader. By referring to death as â€Å"He†, it makes the reader view death as not frightening or intimidating. Rather, the author personifies death as gentle and courteous, alm ost like a gentleman. We see this especially when the speaker is talking about death and says, â€Å"He kindly stopped for me† (Ln. 2). By describing death as â€Å"kind†, this sets the tone for the entire poem that death is not to be feared but rather accepted. By not stopping for death, it shows the strength of the speaker and determination to keep going on. It also shows that she understands that death is coming but instead of fighting death, she seems to accept death and gladly follow â€Å"him’ to her final destination. Dickinson usesShow MoreRelatedEmily Dickinson s Because I Could Not Stop For Death867 Words   |  4 Pagesthe idea of death, many thoughts can come to mind. These thoughts can include peaceful, scary, inevitable, cold, and many other things. Being one of the only female poets of her time, Emily Dickinson is a profound writer and her poems are intricate works of art. In her poem, â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop For Death,† Dickinso n uses strong diction and imagery to describe the intimacy an individual has with death when it is encountered. Emily Dickinson’s poem, â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop For Death,† is a poemRead MoreEmily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death `` Essay1355 Words   |  6 PagesModernism for Emily Dickinson has to do with the uncertainty. Emily Dickinson was a somber thinker who doesn’t try to enlighten anyone of anything. Her poems were uniquely written and she wrote about the uncertainty, which makes her poetry easy to empathize with in the 21st century. The 21st century, is a period of science which is used as a tool to make sense of the uncertainty. Emily Dickinson uses her poetry as a means to question and observe the trauma of human existence. For instance, she doesn’tRead MoreEmily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death ``762 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Dickinson concentrates many of her poems on the theme of death, predominantly her own. These â€Å"poems about death confront its grim reality with honesty, humor, curiosity, and above a ll a refusal to be comforted (â€Å"Emily Dickinson 1830-1886† 1659). While this was not an out of the ordinary topic during the American Romantic era, Dickinson seemed near obsessive in her focus. Additionally, Dickinson seems questionable in her thoughts on religion, another theme popular during the American RomanticRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Because I Could Not Stop For Death1751 Words   |  8 Pages Outlook on Death in Dickinson’s â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death† Death is considered by many to be the heartbreaking end of life; the moment when one is bound to hopelessness, to accept loss, and to accept the inevitable. As discouraging as this outlook on death may appear, it is captivating why Emily Dickinson preferred to make death one among the major themes of her poems. Because numerous poets of the 19th century wrote about death, Dickinson was not exceptional in picking this idea. HoweverRead MoreEmily Dickinson s A Route Of Evanescence And Because I Could Not Stop For Death1167 Words   |  5 PagesEmily Dickinson Emily Dickinson published only a few poems during her time. Her work was only truly discovered after her death of kidney disease in 1886 at the age of fifty-six. Upon her death her sister Lavinia Dickinson found hundreds of poems tied into a book stitched together by Emily. People claim that she is the most original 19th Century American Poet and is now considered one of the towering figures of American literature. Although She is known for her unconventional broken rhyming meterRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Poem, Because I Could Not Stop For Death854 Words   |  4 Pages Death is everywhere. From the insect you killed this morning to the family member you lose recently, there is no force stronger than death. Emily Dickinson, a 19th century writer, indulges that fact but also goes beyond it in her work. Dickinson revisits the theme of death in her poetry. Through her work, she shows readers her fascination with death the emotions associated with it. In â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz when I died† and â€Å"I’ve seen a Dying Eye†, Dickinson shows us a very intimate view of a personRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Poem, Because I Could Not Stop For Death877 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Dickinson is known for writing poems that relate to death and dying, and the poem â€Å"Because I could not stop for death† is no exception. This is a narrative poem that illustrates the passage from life to death as a carriage ride through a quiet town. In this particular poem, the speaker has already passed away and is remembering what seems to be a fond memory, however that is not revealed till the final stanza. There are only two characters, The speaker and Death. The speaker is a lady whoRead MoreFigurative Language And Imagery Of Emily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death ``2152 Words   |  9 Pages Emily Dickinson is considered to be one of the greatest poets of figurative language and imagery. I found her poem â€Å"Because I could N ot Stop for Death† to be an exemplary illustration of those forms of writing. Enlaced with the personifications of Death, Immortality, and Eternity; Dickinson reaches into the depths of the reader’s psyche and transports them on a journey into her world of life after death. In this essay, I will attempt to show that due to certain event that occurred towards theRead MoreThe Author That I Decided To Discuss The Literary Significance1232 Words   |  5 PagesThe author that I decided to discuss the literary significance is Emily Dickinson. Dickinson was born, raised, and in Amherst, Massachusetts in December 10, 180 and died May 15, 1886 in the same state. Her father was Edward Dickinson, and her mother was also named Emily, Emily Norcross Dickinson. Emily Dickinson went to Mount Holyoke College, a small private school in South Hadley, Massachusetts. She’s known as one of the best American Poet. Emily s poem were frequently perceived by a wide rangeRead MoreEmily Dickinson : The Point When A Reader1749 Words   |  7 PagesHorieh Introduction to Literature Professor Knoernschild November 27, 2015 Emily Dickinson At the point when a reader hears the name Emily Dickinson, they consider a female who composed verse that has been surely understood for a considerable length of time and years. Much to their dismay that Emily Dickinson established American Literature, and began an entire unrest of verse. The procedure Dickinson used to keep in touch with her verse was at no other time seen and was the foundation Emily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death `` Emily Dickinson concentrates many of her poems on the theme of death, predominantly her own. These â€Å"poems about death confront its grim reality with honesty, humor, curiosity, and above all a refusal to be comforted (â€Å"Emily Dickinson 1830-1886† 1659). While this was not an out of the ordinary topic during the American Romantic era, Dickinson seemed near obsessive in her focus. Additionally, Dickinson seems questionable in her thoughts on religion, another theme popular during the American Romantic era. Emily Dickinson’s â€Å"Because I could not stop for death† and â€Å"I felt a Funeral, in my Brain† both explicitly examine the concept of death, the afterlife, and the author’s obsession with the melancholy. Throughout â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death† readers encounter Dickinson’s uncertainty regarding death. From the first line, she is timid about â€Å"Death† and cannot allow herself to stop for him. Therefore, â€Å"He kindly stopped for [her]† (Dickinson 2). Not only to readers see this doubt, but also here readers become aware that Death is personified. Dickinson represents death as a person so that readers will understand the gravity of the subject. In the following lines, Dickinson writes, â€Å"The Carriage held but just Ourselves –/And Immortality† (Dickinson 3-4). Here the carriage is the chauffer to the grave, and is given important notice. Although immortality is mentioned, it seems to be more of a suggestion of Heaven or Hell to insinuate the author’s faith. In the next line,Show MoreRelatedEmily Dickinson s Because I Could Not Stop For Death867 Words   |  4 Pagesthe idea of death, many thoughts can come to mind. These thoughts can include peaceful, scary, inevitable, cold, and many other things. Being one of the only female poets of her time, Emily Dickinson is a profound writer and her poems are intricate works of art. In her poem, â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop For Death,† Dickinson uses strong diction and imagery to describe the intimacy an individual has with death when it is encountered. Emily Dickinson’s poem, â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop For Death,† is a poemRead MoreEmily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death `` Essay1355 Words   |  6 PagesModernism for Emily Dickinson has to do with the uncertainty. Emily Dickinson was a somber thinker who doesn’t try to enlighten anyone of anything. Her poems were uniquely written and she wrote about the uncertainty, which makes her poetry easy to empathize with in the 21st century. The 21st century, is a period of science which is used as a tool to make sense of the uncertainty. Emily Dickinson uses her poetry as a means to question and observe the trauma of human existence. For instance, she doesn’tRead MoreEmily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death ``1088 Words   |  5 PagesEmily Dickinson Emily Dickinson’s poems are shorter than most, but that does not mean that they lack depth or skill. Dickinson uses many brilliant literary techniques in her poetry such as allusions, personification, juxtaposition, metaphors and so many others. Her unique use of symbolism throughout her poems really makes the reader think twice on what they are reading. And since the majority of her poems are short, it makes it easier to reread the poem numerous times. In Emily Dickinson’s PoemRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Because I Could Not Stop For Death1751 Words   |  8 Pages Outlook on Death in Dickinson’s â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death† Death is considered by many to be the heartbreaking end of life; the moment when one is bound to hopelessness, to accept loss, and to accept the inevitable. As discouraging as this outlook on death may appear, it is captivating why Emily Dickinson preferred to make death one among the major themes of her poems. Because numerous poets of the 19th century wrote about death, Dickinson was not exceptional in picking this idea. HoweverRead MoreEmily Dickinson s A Route Of Evanescence And Because I Could Not Stop For Death1167 Words   |  5 PagesEmily Dickinson Emily Dickinson published only a few poems during her time. Her work was only truly discovered after her death of kidney disease in 1886 at the age of fifty-six. Upon her death her sister Lavinia Dickinson found hundreds of poems tied into a book stitched together by Emily. People claim that she is the most original 19th Century American Poet and is now considered one of the towering figures of American literature. Although She is known for her unconventional broken rhyming meterRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Poem, Because I Could Not Stop For Death854 Words   |  4 Pages Death is everywhere. From the insect you killed this morning to the family member you lose recently, there is no force stronger than death. Emily Dickinson, a 19th century writer, indulges that fact but also goes beyond it in her work. Dickinson revisits the theme of death in her poetry. Through her work, she shows readers her fascination with death the emotions associated with it. In â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz when I died† and â€Å"I’ve seen a Dying Eye†, Dickinson shows us a very intimate view of a personRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Poem, Because I Could Not Stop For Death877 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Dickinson is known for writing poems that relate to death and dying, and the poem â€Å"Because I could not stop for death† is no exception. This is a narrative poem that illustrates the passage from life to death as a carriage ride through a quiet town. In this particular poem, the speaker has already passed away and is remembering what seems to be a fond memory, however that is not revealed till the final stanza. There are only two characters, The speaker and Death. The speaker is a lady whoRead MoreFigurative Language And Imagery Of Emily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death ``2152 Words   |  9 Pages Emily Dickinson is considered to be one of the greatest poets of figurative language and imagery. I found her poem â€Å"Because I could N ot Stop for Death† to be an exemplary illustration of those forms of writing. Enlaced with the personifications of Death, Immortality, and Eternity; Dickinson reaches into the depths of the reader’s psyche and transports them on a journey into her world of life after death. In this essay, I will attempt to show that due to certain event that occurred towards theRead MoreThe Author That I Decided To Discuss The Literary Significance1232 Words   |  5 PagesThe author that I decided to discuss the literary significance is Emily Dickinson. Dickinson was born, raised, and in Amherst, Massachusetts in December 10, 180 and died May 15, 1886 in the same state. Her father was Edward Dickinson, and her mother was also named Emily, Emily Norcross Dickinson. Emily Dickinson went to Mount Holyoke College, a small private school in South Hadley, Massachusetts. She’s known as one of the best American Poet. Emily s poem were frequently perceived by a wide rangeRead MoreEmily Dickinson : The Point When A Reader1749 Words   |  7 PagesHorieh Introduction to Literature Professor Knoernschild November 27, 2015 Emily Dickinson At the point when a reader hears the name Emily Dickinson, they consider a female who composed verse that has been surely understood for a considerable length of time and years. Much to their dismay that Emily Dickinson established American Literature, and began an entire unrest of verse. The procedure Dickinson used to keep in touch with her verse was at no other time seen and was the foundation

Drama A road to heaven Free Essays

As I entered the auditorium to join the rest of the audience, I noticed the set stage, afraid that the play has began, I soon realised that it was set up like that for a purpose. This gave a very new impact to me and made you wonder what the production was going to be about. It also thought me that the beginning of the play does not have to begin with closed curtains or a frozen image. We will write a custom essay sample on Drama: A road to heaven or any similar topic only for you Order Now It gave it a very good way of introducing the play. Although the nurses sitting on the stage gave me a good perception of where the play was going to take place. The play was a musical, and it was portrayed in different styles of music and introduced in a variety of ways such as costumes, which showed creativeness and imagination for the scenes. The costumes allowed humour to be created and helped the song and the message that they were trying to get across. The music surprisingly were songs that can be recognised by any generation as they used the unforgettable and loved tunes of any age and they were altered to combine with the musical and characters of the play. The lighting helped the atmosphere and surrounding of the scene it helped us to focus on particular characters and the musicians were always seen as they had particular lighting in order for them to see the instructions. Musicians were not hidden and were visual to the audience at all times. This however did not affect the play. It was very helpful for us drama students, as we have never been introduced in a play where they were exposed musicians and it gave me an interesting perception and I was amazingly surprised by the fact that such a small orchestra composed and produced such wonderful and powerful music. I noticed throughout the scene how there was a young male nurse who helped with the characters’ costumes and props. I believe that the purpose of him being in the scene dressed up as a nurse is to show us the constant of him helping the cast in the play itself and playing the role of a nurse n the story. The music conductor of the small orchestra spoke to the audience on behalf of the cast, he also helped the cast with their timing of the singing and the time they were going to actually sing this exposed his role with the orchestra and the play. The play was very enjoyable to watch and thought me many techniques and gave me a wide range of ideas. The characters were extremely entertaining to watch and I liked the use of music and ideas used by the company. It did not only teach me about techniques and performances but it also thought me something else about life, â€Å"that however old you are you can be as young as a toddler† and the second lesson and important message of all is that â€Å"You cannot always get what you want†. I hope too, that one day that however old I or anyone else gets we will never lose the young ness within ourselves just like the characters of Road to Heaven. How to cite Drama: A road to heaven, Papers

Point of Care Patient Testing

Question: Discuss about thePoint of Care Patient Testing. Answer: Introduction The main purpose of the report is to provide information on the examination of point of care devices (POCT) used in troponin and creatinine testing among the patients with the aim of giving recommendation for the best devices to use in troponin and creatinine test. Mainly the report makes an assessment of the devices used for the test of creatinine and troponin and recommends for the best device with respect to the analytical, pre-analytical and post-analytical consideration. Troponin Test: The troponin test measures the level of troponin T or troponin I protein present in the blood (1). These protein are mainly released when the muscles of the heart are damaged which occurs normally at the tie of heart attack. The more damaged is caused in the heart the greater is the amount of the release of troponin T and I in the blood (3). Troponin test is mainly done to check that whether a heart attack has occurred or not. Some devices used for the Troponin test are i-Stat Troponin I, Triage troponin I, PATHFAST troponin I, AQT90 Flex troponin I and AQT90 Flex troponin T. Creatinine Test The creatinine blood test is a test used to measure the level of creatinine present in the blood. Creatinine is one type of waste product which is formed when there is a breaking down of creatine (2). The doctors determines that how an individual persons kidney is working by the creatinine level present in the individuals blood. Creatinine is a substances that is normally eliminated by the kidney from the body (4). So increase in the blood creatinine level denotes the condition of the blood. Some of the devices that are used for creatinine test are i-STAT, ABL 800 Flex, Reflotron, Dri-Chem 4000, StatSensor and Piccolo. Pre-Analytical Considerations Protocol for Preparation of Patient The practitioner of POCT must get introduce themselves to the patient. The details of the test should be explained to the patient by the POCT practitioners and consent of the patient should be taken. The equipment like bio-hazards and sharps container, cotton wool balls, alcohol swabs and automated skin devise adhesive bandage required for the collection of the blood should be prepared by the POCT practitioner. The area from where the blood sample is to be collected must be cleaned with antiseptic before collection of the blood to kill the germs present there and to avoid their infection. Protocol for Collection of Blood Sample The POCT technician should follow the protocol of collection of blood sample. According to this protocol the needle should be inserted into the patients vein very carefully. Safety of Patient and Management of Risk The expected risk with the patients are excessive bleeding, puncturing of several points if locating a vein proves to be difficult, patient fainting of becoming lightheaded and hematoma. Training of Practitioners and Respective on-going Competency Assessment POCT Practitioners Training The POCT practitioners should be efficiently trained on various aspects like maintenance of equipment, Quality Control, analysis and interpretation of the test results and handling the patients. Analytical Considerations Type and frequency of quality control tests A quality control test of the devices should always be performed so that the accuracy and precision of the Troponin and Creatinine test devices can be ensured. Maintenance of device and performance records To ensure continuous functionalities of the devices, they should be maintained efficiently according to the instructions of the manufacturers. Post-analytical considerations Recording and reporting of test results The test results of every patient should be recorded manually and electronically. Post implementation follow-up and confirmation of performance requirements On the basis of the results of the test appropriate medical attention should be provided to the patients with high level of blood troponin and creatinine. Reference: Apple FS, Collinson PO, IFCC Task Force on Clinical Applications of Cardiac Biomarkers. Analytical characteristics of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays. Clinical chemistry. 2012 Jan 1;58(1):54-61. Grossi EN, Hogan JA, Flynn M. The utilization of urine processing for the advancement of life support technologies. 44th International Conference on Environmental Systems. Killingsworth CR, Melnick SB, Litovsky SH, Ideker RE, Walcott GP. Evaluation of acute cardiac and chest wall damage after shocks with a subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator in Swine. Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. 2013 Oct 1;36(10):1265-72. Nguyen MT, Fong J, Ullah S, Lovell A, Thompson CH. Estimating glomerular filtration rate in obese subjects. Obesity research clinical practice. 2015 Apr 30;9(2):152-7.

Happiness depends upon ourselves Essay Example

Happiness depends upon ourselves Paper Happiness depends upon ourselves according to Aristotle but Epictetus believes that When we remember that our aim is spiritual progress, we return to striving to be our best selves. This is how happiness is won. Throughout Rhetorical History it is evident that rhetoric has served as a functional interaction between people and their environment. In order for there to be a functional interaction there must always be an exigency and a remedy as standard elements of the total environment, as well as a rhetorical interaction to support them both. In this paper I intend to examine the rhetorical situations that moved the rhetoricians Aristotle and Epictetus to construct their rhetorical theories. Epictetus, like most rhetoricians has a theory that is marked by imperfections, called exigencies. These imperfections are problems that Epictetus found while creating his theorys ideals. The main exigency for Epictetus and other Stoics was to show their students that philosophy has a practical purpose of guiding people towards leading better lives. According to Epictetus everyone is not perfectly happy for much, or even all of the time. He wanted to show his students that there is a reason for this being the case and most importantly that there are solutions that can remedy this situation. Another aim of Epictetus teaching was to live well to secure for oneself true happiness. Epictetus theory had to fall on the ears of a receptive audience and he found that in the school he formed for upper-class Romans. With students such as Flavius Arrian, and Herodes Atticus, Epictetus was considered the greatest of Stoics. We will write a custom essay sample on Happiness depends upon ourselves specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Happiness depends upon ourselves specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Happiness depends upon ourselves specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Epictetus was said to relate his school to the workings of a hospital where students would come to seek treatments for their ills. In stark reality that was true, people flocked to Epictetus schools because it gave them a solvent to the trials of human life and living in society. Every day they were set up with frustrations and obstacles and Epictetus goal was to teach people to see the happiness through those situations. The students who learned from Epictetus were easily able to turn the things they were hearing everyday into something they could use everyday. We have to deal with hostile and offensive people, and we have to cope with the difficulties and anxieties occasioned by the setbacks and illnesses visited upon our friends and relations. Even people with good fortune had to face the fact of their own death, but that was no reason to not search for true happiness. As with any theory there are constraints marked as a way to remove the seen problem in Epictetus theory. Two types of constraints can be identified in any rhetorical theory, artistic and inartistic proofs. Artistic proofs are defined as those things that are in the speakers control. In Epictetus theory, various artistic proofs can be identified. The language that he chose to use, the emotion that he conveyed through his message, and the reason that he used to arrive at how to formulate both of these things are all examples of artistic proofs. There are also inartistic proofs in every theory. These things would be all the ideas that are out of the speakers control. Examples of inartistic proofs in Epictetus theory could be many things, mostly things going on the environment around him and his society. The class status of the students that Epictetus taught would be an inartistic proof. Had Epictetus been directing his speeches at lower class people who had never been schooled, they may have no idea what he was speaking about. The potential students that are attempting to learn have to be on relatively the same level as the teacher. The historical events can also be an example of an inartistic proof. The mindset of the society and the way that they feel about their government, their peers and their noble classes had a huge influence on how they acted in everyday life. Now that Ive discussed the exigencies, the audience, and the constraints of Epictetus, I will focus on the same characteristics of Aristotle. Aristotle taught some of the most influential rhetoricians of his time and to them he tried to instill the same ideals that he valued so much. The most memorable of these was likely the scientific method that he used to explain why things happened the way they did. Aristotles exigency was marked by urgency mostly because he wanted the people of his day to understand what he did. Reason is the source of the first principles of knowledge, and from this reason Aristotle used the ideas that came about to persuade people of what exactly was going on in their day. Public discourse at the time was used to hinder peoples reason and they could never make decisions on their own if they were not taught how to reason for themselves. Aristotle was a firm believer that the mind is led by language, and he used his language to teach the people about their ability to learn and rationalize ideas. Aristotles main goal was to have a democratic government, and he knew that the people would never get to have one without the knowledge base that they needed to be expressive. Rhetoric is essential to any democracy according to Aristotle and it was important for him to teach all aspects of rhetoric to the people who supported it. The people who were most affected by Aristotles views were the people who heard him speak. At the time of his lectures most of these people were people in the kings court. He was hired by various kings to counsel them and lecture in their courts. The ideas that Aristotle was preaching about at the time were easily accepted because the people were easily impressionable. He believed that citizens must have knowledge and reason to be able to express their ideas. They were dealing with things that were easily explained by the scientific ideals that Aristotle believed in, and therefore he wanted to teach them how to express the ideas that they had about the things that were going on. Aristotle said that All men are mortal; Socrates is a man; therefore, Socrates is mortal. This was a simple idea that almost everyone could hold onto. It was explained by logic and was the dominant form of logic for almost 2,000 years. Some constraints were also posed on Aristotles scientific logic. Various artistic and inartistic proofs are identifiable in Aristotles theory. The language that he chose to use was important if nothing else than because he was preaching to men who favored the king he was working for at the time. He had to be very aware of what he was saying in honor of the king. Another artistic proof that Aristotle faced was the emotion that he portrayed in his lectures. People have said that Aristotles ideas would not have been so widely accepted had he not added to them so much emotion while he was speaking. There are also some evident inartistic proofs in Aristotles theory. As in the artistic proofs, the status of the audience members of Aristotles lectures, was very important, but out of his control. He was hired by the king; he could not discriminate who he was appointed to speak to. This brings up another inartistic proof, the government. The government was greatly out of Aristotles control, he was even manipulated by them because he was employed by them. They were however the people who could remove the exigency facing his theory. Both of the rhetors discussed, Aristotle and Epictetus, have similarities and differences in the situations that they faced. Epictetus was more faced with the guidance that he was offering to his students. His issues were more of a moral and emotional case where as Aristotles ideals were focused primarily on science and nature. The audience members that each rhetorician spoke to had personalities of their own as well. While each rhetor spoke to a fairly similar audience, their reasons for doing so were very different. Epictetus knew that he would have to focus his attention to upper class nobles, who had been schooled enough to know vaguely what he was talking about. Aristotle on the other hand, was appointed to teach to the kings court, he had no real decision in who he was preaching to. Aristotle over came this difference by teaching people to teach others. There are also some differences in the artistic and inartistic proofs that each rhetor faced. Epictetus, for example, used a specific language, showed a certain amount of emotion, and the reason that he was trying to convey to his audience. Aristotle believed that emotions were a rational feeling that gets in the way of good reason. Epictetus would have greatly disagreed with this notion that emotions were logical. Epictetus believed that emotions were the way to lead a person to unveil his true happiness. He felt that few people were content with life, but that through his learning they could find solutions to be happy most, if not all of the time. Where Epictetus would try to explain how to overcome the frustrations and setbacks of every conceivable type of complication, Aristotle would spend his time trying to find the truth and showing people how they had arrived at that conclusion. Both rhetors used various means to arrive at the success that they did with the individual audience that they were speaking to. Each one was faced with different exigencies and faced some constraints along the way. However Aristotle and Epictetus both overcame all of these things and were able to teach their message and let it be taught for many years after they were gone. Ashley Mock March 3,2004 Rhetoical Theory Paper #2 593-62-3535 Works Cited Bitzer, Lloyd, Functional Communication: A Situational Perspective, in E. E. White, ed. ,Rhetoric in Transition (University Park: Pensylvania State UP, 1981) 21-38. James Fieser, Ph. D. , The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Epictetus: Overview: 1 March 2004. http://www. iep. utm. edu/ James Fieser, Ph. D. , The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Aristotle: Overview: 1 March 2004. http://www. iep. utm. edu/.

Word Choice Its vs. Its - Proofread My Papers Academic Blog

Word Choice Its vs. Its - Proofread My Papers Academic Blog Word Choice: Its vs. Its Apostrophes have a bad habit of turning up in unexpected places. Confusion between â€Å"its† and â€Å"its,† for example, is so common that, as proofreaders, we pretty much consider it our nemesis. Worry not, though! We’ve prepared this simple guide to using â€Å"its† and â€Å"it’s† correctly, so read on and you’ll soon be equipped to join our crusade against this common grammatical error. Why the Problem Occurs â€Å"Its† and â€Å"it’s† are so frequently confused because there are two situations in which we typically add an apostrophe to a word: To indicate possession (e.g., the windshield on a car is the â€Å"car’s windshield†) To indicate omitted letters in a contraction (e.g., â€Å"do not† becomes â€Å"don’t†) It would therefore make sense for something belonging to an â€Å"it† to be indicated by adding an apostrophe + â€Å"s† to the word, but in practice we only use an apostrophe for the contraction â€Å"it’s.† Why? And how do you remember this distinction? Let us explain. Its (Possessive Pronoun) The term â€Å"its† is used when referring to something owned or belonging to an â€Å"it† (typically an object or animal): With its smashed windows and chipped paintwork, the car was a wreck. Just dont ask us what we were doing when we wrecked it. [Photo: Thomas R Machnitzki]â€Å"Its† doesn’t require an apostrophe because it is a possessive pronoun, like â€Å"his,† â€Å"her† or â€Å"your† (none of which require an apostrophe to indicate possession). It’s (Contraction) â€Å"Its† is a contraction, a shortened version of two separate words with letters omitted. To be specific, â€Å"it’s† combines â€Å"it† with either â€Å"is† or â€Å"has† depending on the tense used: It is finally time! = It’s finally time! It has been a long wait! = It’s been a long wait! Like any other contraction, you must use an apostrophe to show that two words have been combined when writing â€Å"it’s.† Its or It’s? The distinction between these terms is vital for clarity, so it’s definitely worth taking a moment to remember how they should be used. Thankfully, the difference is a fairly simple one: Its = Possession Its = Contraction (either it is or it has) Thus, if you’re writing about something that belongs to an â€Å"it,† the correct term will always be â€Å"its.† Likewise, if you’re using â€Å"it’s† as a shortened version of â€Å"it is† or â€Å"it has,† you’ll always need an apostrophe. It’s also worth remembering that contractions are generally considered inappropriate in formal writing, so you should avoid terms like â€Å"its† in your college work and write â€Å"it is† in full instead.

Cause and Effect of the Unemployment Rate Term Paper

Cause and Effect of the Unemployment Rate - Term Paper Example The paper will also try to identify other causes for such extraordinary situation not seen ever before. Understanding Phillips Curve Below is a typical Phillips Curve drawn for the period between 1961 to 1969 as unemployment rate versus inflation rate. Source: http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/PhillipsCurve.html The curve shows inverse relationship between the unemployment rate and inflation. During the years 1961-67, as unemployment rate rises from 4 percent to 6 percent, inflation rate reduces from 3 to 1 percent. A way back in those years, Philips curve was used as a guide for policy makers. To reduce the unemployment rate from 6 percent to 5 percent, the government would think of stimulating the economy by spending more but later on Phelps and Friedman put forward their views that in order to achieve lower unemployment rate government cannot trade with higher inflation rate. If unemployment is at the natural rate and the real wage also remains constant and the government uses mo netary and fiscal policy tools to lower unemployment rate below its natural rate, then the resultant increase in demand will encourage firms to raise their prices quickly and would like to pay more. Due to this, labor supply will increase and unemployment rate goes down. This is an illusion for labor as price will rise more rapidly than they would anticipate. The moment they feel the pinch of inflation, labor supply gets reduced at the old wage rates or they will demand increase in wages. In this process, real wage gets back to its previous level and the unemployment rate comes back to the natural rate. The price inflation continues at the higher rates due to expansionary fiscal policies. (Hoover 2008) Friedman’s and Phelps’s analyses explained first time that Phillips curves behave differently in the long run. The average inflation rate in 1960s was about 2.5 percent which rose to 7 percent in the 1970s; however during the same period the unemployment rate did not fal l but increased from about 4 percent to about 6 percent. This implied that at some rate of unemployment there would always be a stable rate of inflation. This came to be known as NAIRU (nonaccelerating inflation rate of unemployment). NAIRU is presented here below for the period between 1945 and 2000. (Hoover 2008) Source: http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/PhillipsCurve.html NAIRU does not suggest that unemployment rate is constant unlike natural rate of unemployment. Milton Friedman developed the Expectations-Augmented Phillips Curve that explained the breakdown of the Phillips Curve. The Expectations-Augmented Phillips Curve for the period from 1976 up to 2002 for the changes in the rate of inflation versus unemployment rate is plotted as per the following. (Hoover 2008) http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/PhillipsCurve.html The chart shows NAIRU at about 6 percent. Assuming a situation when economy is at NAIRU, rate of inflation at 3 percent, and the government wants to reduce it to zero. The chart suggests that monetary and fiscal policy which drives unemployment rate from 6 to 7 percent brings down the inflation rate by 1 percentage point. If fiscal management causes unemployment rate to remain at 7 percent; it will take almost three years for inflation to reach to zero. The expectations-augmented Phillips Curve is considered a most basic macroeconomic forecasting tool used by most of the central banks while modulating fiscal policies. Most diverse schools of macroeconomic thought accept the applicability of this model. It is